南宁市蔗糖行业人工增雨服务效益调查评估     

罗伟  黄中雄 《气象研究与应用》2011,32(2):43-46

分析了南宁市种植甘蔗的气候适应性,以及降雨量与甘蔗生长、蔗茎产量及含糖量的关系,并对比分析了为南宁糖业股份有限公司所属蔗区实施人工增雨前后的甘蔗产量及蔗糖分,认为蔗糖分前后变化不大,但实施人工增雨后甘蔗产量有较显著提高,从而能获得令人满意的经济效益;在此基础上提出了做好人工增雨工作的改进思路。  相似文献   

Phytoplankton biomass and primary production responses to physico-chemical forcing across the northeastern New Zealand continental shelf     

Mark Gall  John Zeldis 《Continental Shelf Research》2011,31(17):1799-1810

Phytoplankton biomass and primary production were monitored in the Hauraki Gulf and on the northeastern continental shelf, New Zealand - using ship surveys, moored instruments and satellite observations (1998-2001) - capturing variability across a range of space and time scales. A depth-integrated primary production model (DIM) was used to predict integrated productivity from surface parameters, enabling regional-specific estimates from satellite data. The shelf site was dominated by pico-phytoplankton, with low chlorophyll-a (<1 mg m⁻³) and annual production (136 g C m⁻² yr⁻¹). In contrast, the gulf contained a micro/nano-phytoplankton-dominated community, with relatively high chlorophyll-a (>1 mg m⁻³) and annual production (178 g C m⁻² yr⁻¹). Biomass and productivity responded to physico-chemical factors; a combination of light, critical mixing depths and/or nutrient limitation—particularly new nitrate-N. Relatively low biomass and production was observed during 1999. This coincided with inter-annual variability in the timing and extent of upwelling- and downwelling-favourable along-shelf wind-stress, influencing the fluxes of new nitrate-N to the shelf and gulf. Relationships with the Southern Oscillation Index are also discussed. Our multi-scaled sampling highlighted details associated with stratification and de-stratification events, and deep sub-surface chlorophyll-a not visible to satellite sensors. This study demonstrates the importance of multi-scaled sampling in gaining estimates of regional production and its responses to physico-chemical forcing.  相似文献   

Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination of Wetland Soils from a Typical Aquatic–Terrestrial Ecotone in Haihe River Basin,North China     

Rong Xiao  Junhong Bai  Qinggai Wang  Haifeng Gao  Laibin Huang  Xinhui Liu 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2011,39(7):612-618

Surface soils were collected in the aquatic–terrestrial ecotone (ATE) of Yongnianwa wetland, downstream of Haihe River basin of North China in June of 2007. Samples were subjected to a total digestion technique before they were analyzed for total concentrations of Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn to investigate their pollution levels in the ATE. The contamination index, integrated contamination index, geoaccumulation index, toxic units, and sum of toxic units were adopted to assess the heavy metal contamination levels and ecotoxicity, respectively. The results showed all the selected element concentrations in upland soils of the ecotone were relatively higher than those in the lowland soils. No Cr pollution was observed in all soil samples, but almost all samples were slightly polluted by Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn except for Site 1. The contamination indexes and geoaccumulation indexes consistently presented no contamination for Site 1 and slight contamination for other sites. The ΣTUs increased from lowland to upland, but the whole level of toxicity in this ecotone was relatively low.  相似文献   

Pipe Service Age Effect on Chlorine Decay in Drinking‐Water Transmission and Distribution Systems     

A. O. Al‐Jasser 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2011,39(9):827-832

Maintaining acceptable quality of water transported in the transmission and distribution system requires the chlorination of water beyond the treatment plant. While flowing through pipes, the chlorine concentration decreases for different reasons. Reaction with the pipe material itself and the reaction with both the biofilm and tubercles formed on the pipe wall are known as pipe wall demand. This varies with pipe parameters. The aim of this paper was to assess the impact of the service age of pipes on the chlorine wall decay constant. One hundred and fifty three pipe sections of different sizes and four different pipe materials were collected and tested for their chlorine first‐order wall decay constants. The results showed that pipe service age was an important factor that must not be ignored. For the range of the 55 years of pipe service age used in this study, the change in the wall decay ranged from 8 to 531% of the corresponding values in the recently installed pipes. The effect of service age on the wall decay constants was most evident in steel pipes. Other important findings were reached.  相似文献   

导航电子地图增量更新服务及关键技术研究     

崔铁军  李宏利  郭鹏  郭继发  刘鹏  张斌  汪永红  郭黎 《测绘软科学研究》2011,(4):36-39,56

以移动通讯数据传输技术、网络技术和时态数据库技术为基础,构建了导航地理信息的变化发现、分析甄别、采集、加工、处理、存储和发布服务一体化的增量式更新服务模式、技术、软件、质检和标准体系,论述了多源数据融合、时空模型及空间关系的动态实时维护、多尺度增量式导航电子地图综合处理、路径规划和质检方法等关键性技术,实现了导航电子地图近实时更新服务。  相似文献   

网络电子地图认知研究     

杨海鹏  郭建忠  杨泽锋 《测绘工程》2011,20(6):9-11,15

随着计算机网络技术的快速发展,网络电子地图成为地图的网络化产品,与传统的纸质地图相比有其更为明显的特点和优势,同时也拓展了电子地图认知的研究领域.介绍网络电子地图的概念和特点,阐明网络电子地图空间认知的必要性,对网络电子地图空间认知所涉及的内容进行分析,并在此基础上提出网络电子地图的设计原则.  相似文献   

基于语义网的地名本体服务框架研究     

梁汝鹏  李文娟  李勤超  姜海林 《测绘科学》2011,36(3):230-233

本文在总结地名本体的基本概念基础上,根据基于地理空间语义网的日常地理信息查询需要,进行了地名本体的概念设计.地名本体的设计可以分为两个阶段,第一阶段主要偏重于初级本体的设计,它主要支持地理对象的标示和检索等较为初级的任务.第二阶段将支持更多高级的任务,例如空间推理等.本文通过地名本体模型的构建,探讨了基于语义网的地名本...  相似文献   

GeoWebCache瓦片地图服务中间件研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

聂云峰  刘海玲  许虎 《测绘科学》2011,36(6):207-209

本文以GeoWebCache开源瓦片地图服务中间件为例,剖析其工作原理和系统结构,并与传统WMS( Web Map Service)进行了性能对比,实验结果表明采用GeoWebCache中间件比直接访问WMS服务的平均响应时间减少约36％最后,从瓦片空间索引,扩展机制及系统部署策略等三个方面给出了GeoWebCache...  相似文献   

基于卫星服务中断的GPS在中国服务区可用性分析     

李国重  李军正  李建文  归庆明 《测绘学院学报》2011,(1)

由于导航卫星硬件失效和轨道维持等原因,会引起卫星服务的暂时中断。卫星服务中断又会导致导航星座可用性下降。以GPS卫星4类中断的平均间隔时间、平均恢复时间为参数,建立了导航卫星的平均可用性及导航星座平均可用性数学模型。仿真分析了卫星服务中断的情况下GPS在我国服务区的可用性。仿真结果对于我国目前进行的区域卫星导航系统建设(北斗卫星导航系统建设的第2步)以及参与GPS市场竞争均具有重要作用。  相似文献   

利用遗传算法的网络GIS集群服务器动态负载均衡算法     

朱莉  沈未名  李锐  徐胜勇 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2011,(6):721-725

针对现有负载均衡方法的不足和网络GIS数据的特点,提出了一种基于遗传算法的网络GIS集群服务器动态负载均衡方法。该算法将基于服务器状态和基于内容的调度算法综合起来考虑,设计了相应的编码机制和遗传操作。实验结果表明,和常用的负载均衡算法相比,此算法能获得更小的服务请求响应时间,能更好地服务网络GIS系统。  相似文献